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StatPearls, LLC

  • Decompression, Surgical
  • Diplopia
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease
  • Graves Ophthalmopathy
  • Tissue Expansion

Thyroid Eye Disease

Thyroid eye disease (TED) is a chronic, immune-mediated orbitopathy most often associated with Graves disease. The condition arises from autoantibody-mediated inflammation targeting orbital fibroblasts, adipocytes, and extraocular muscles, resulting in a self-perpetuating cycle of cytokine release, tissue expansion, and fibrosis. Clinical manifestations include eyelid retraction, proptosis, diplopia, ocular surface disease, and, in severe cases, dysthyroid optic neuropathy. Disease activity varies from an early inflammatory phase to a stable inactive phase, with severity ranging from mild cosmetic changes to sight-threatening complications. Risk factors include smoking, thyroid dysfunction, age, sex, and genetic predisposition. Conservative measures such as lubrication and risk factor modification suffice for most cases. In contrast, corticosteroids, immunomodulators, targeted biologic therapy, radiotherapy, or surgical decompression are reserved for moderate-to-severe or refractory disease. Long-term outcomes depend on strict maintenance of euthyroid status, early recognition of disease activity, and timely referral for specialized management. Through participation in this course, learners develop a structured understanding of TED pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical manifestations, and evidence-based management strategies. The activity emphasizes early detection, accurate disease staging, and application of appropriate therapeutic interventions to improve visual and cosmetic outcomes. Participants learn to implement preventive strategies, interpret severity classifications, and apply multimodal treatment options across disease stages. Collaboration among an interprofessional team, including endocrinologists, ophthalmologists, oculoplastic surgeons, optometrists, pharmacists, and mental health professionals, enhances patient outcomes by aligning systemic and ocular care, addressing comorbidities, optimizing medication use, and supporting psychosocial health….

Credit & MOC Details

Credit information is provided by the course provider. We recommend confirming credit eligibility with the provider or your licensing board before starting the activity.

Credit types

AAPA Category 1 Credit™Up to 2 creditsAMA PRA Category 1 Credit™Up to 2 creditsNursingUp to 2 creditsPharmacyUp to 2 credits

MOC types

ABS — Accredited CMEUp to 2 pointsABPATH — Lifelong LearningUp to 2 pointsABTS — Accredited CMEUp to 2 pointsABIM — Medical KnowledgeUp to 2 pointsABS — Self-AssessmentUp to 2 pointsABTS — Self-AssessmentUp to 2 points

FDA REMS

No

Qualifies for MIPS

No

Target Specialties

Pricing

Fee varies

This provider typically $49–98

See fees on statpearls.com

Listed by the provider

  • Article / monograph / reference
  • includes Online course / module
  • Credit · Up to 2 credits
  • MOC · Up to 2 points
  • Fee varies · this provider typically $49–98
  • Released
    Sep 1, 2026
  • Last day to claim credit
    Sep 1, 2029 3 years left

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