Anesthetics, Intravenous
Coma
Primidone
Propofol
Thiopental

Barbiturates

Barbiturates are a category of sedative-hypnotic medications used for treating seizure disorders, neonatal withdrawal, insomnia, preoperative anxiety, and the induction of coma to address increased intracranial pressure (ICP). In addition, these medications are also helpful for inducing anesthesia. Thiopental, introduced in 1934 for general anesthesia induction, served as the primary intravenous anesthetic induction agent until propofol replaced it. Barbiturates approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for clinical use include phenobarbital, methohexital, butalbital, pentobarbital, primidone, and amobarbital. Various barbiturates have been either discontinued or substituted with benzodiazepines. Given the prevalence of drug-drug interactions in specific populations, the collaborative efforts of the interprofessional team, including primary care, emergency medicine, and/or specialists, are essential for devising the most effective management plan based on best practices. This activity outlines the indications, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, administration, adverse effects, contraindications, and toxicology of certain barbiturates. Clinicians involved will examine the monitoring parameters encompassing a wide range of physiological considerations when employing barbiturates in the clinical setting, along with crucial aspects in the care management of patients using these substances.

Credit & MOC Details

Credit information is provided by the course provider. We recommend confirming credit eligibility with the provider or your licensing board before starting the activity.