Kaposi Varicelliform Eruption

Kaposi varicelliform eruption (KVE), also called eczema herpeticum, is a disseminated cutaneous infection caused most commonly by herpes simplex virus type 1, and less frequently by type 2. Individuals with preexisting skin barrier disruption, such as atopic dermatitis, Darier disease, pemphigus, or Hailey-Hailey disease, are at increased risk. The impaired epidermal barrier and reduced innate immune defenses create an environment conducive to widespread viral replication. Clinically, KVE presents as clusters of monomorphic, dome-shaped vesiculopustules that evolve into punched-out erosions with hemorrhagic crusting. Lesions often appear abruptly, spreading rapidly across sites of prior dermatitis. Systemic features such as fever, lymphadenopathy, and malaise are common, and ocular or visceral involvement may occur in severe cases. Without timely recognition and treatment, the eruption can progress to life-threatening systemic disease. Complications include secondary bacterial superinfection, most often with Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes, which may lead to cellulitis, abscess, or bacteremia. Ocular extension can result in herpetic keratoconjunctivitis and permanent visual loss. Systemic dissemination of herpes simplex virus may cause encephalitis, hepatitis, or multiorgan failure, with mortality rates approaching 10% in untreated cases. Prompt systemic antiviral therapy with acyclovir or valacyclovir is the cornerstone of management. Supportive care, monitoring for bacterial infections, and ophthalmologic evaluation are critical when periocular disease is present. Early recognition, patient education, and optimization of underlying dermatoses significantly reduce recurrence and morbidity. This activity will review the epidemiology, genetics, clinical presentation, complications, and management of Kaposi varicelliform eruption. Participants will gain the knowledge and strategies needed to recognize KVE early, implement evidence-based therapy, and…

Credit & MOC Details

Credit information is provided by the course provider. We recommend confirming credit eligibility with the provider or your licensing board before starting the activity.