Nocardia keratitis is a rare but vision-threatening corneal infection caused by aerobic, gram-positive, weakly acid-fast bacteria. The condition typically presents with ocular pain, photophobia, and decreased vision. Slit-lamp examination often reveals stromal infiltrates with a wreath-like pattern, sometimes accompanied by satellite lesions or epithelial defects. Risk factors include ocular trauma, particularly with soil or vegetative matter, and extended contact lens wear. Timely diagnosis is essential and relies on a high index of suspicion, aided by gram staining, modified acid-fast staining, culture, confocal microscopy, or polymerase chain reaction. Management includes topical amikacin as first-line therapy, with systemic agents such as trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole considered for deep or recalcitrant cases. Delays in treatment may produce complications such as corneal thinning, scarring, or perforation. Visual outcomes vary based on the extent of corneal involvement and promptness of intervention. An interprofessional team that includes ophthalmologists, microbiologists, infectious disease specialists, and pharmacists plays a crucial role in optimizing diagnosis, tailoring antimicrobial therapy, and preventing recurrence through patient education and risk factor modification. This activity for healthcare professionals is designed to enhance learners’ proficiency in evaluating and managing Nocardia keratitis. Participants will strengthen their understanding of the condition’s etiology, risk factors, pathophysiology, and presentation. Emphasis will be given to the best diagnostic and therapeutic practices. Improved skills will enable clinicians to collaborate effectively within an interprofessional team caring for affected individuals.
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Credit information is provided by the course provider. We recommend confirming credit eligibility with the provider or your licensing board before starting the activity.
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