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StatPearls, LLC

  • Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease
  • Echocardiography, Transesophageal
  • Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular

Ventricular Septal Defect

Ventricular septal defects (VSDs) are the most prevalent congenital cardiac anomaly in children and the second most common heart defect in adults, after bicuspid aortic valves. The primary mechanism in hemodynamic compromise in VSDs arises from abnormal communication between the right and left ventricles, leading to shunt formation. VSDs can be congenital or acquired, with the latter often resulting from ischemic events. For symptomatic cases or complications, VSD closure may be required. Color Doppler transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is the primary diagnostic tool, although transesophageal echocardiography is used when TTE is inconclusive. Many small VSDs close spontaneously within the first year of life, and asymptomatic cases often require no intervention. This activity focuses on understanding the presentation and pathophysiology of VSDs, providing clinicians with up-to-date knowledge, practical insights, and strategies to enhance diagnostic and management skills and optimize patient care and outcomes. This activity also emphasizes collaboration among interprofessional healthcare providers, highlighting the importance of a team-based approach to address the complexities of congenital heart defects.

Credit & MOC Details

Credit information is provided by the course provider. We recommend confirming credit eligibility with the provider or your licensing board before starting the activity.

Credit types

IPCE CreditsUp to 1.5 creditsAAPA Category 1 Credit™Up to 1.5 creditsAMA PRA Category 1 Credit™Up to 1.5 creditsNursingUp to 1.5 creditsPharmacyUp to 1.5 credits

MOC types

ABS — Accredited CMEUp to 1.5 pointsABPATH — Lifelong LearningUp to 1.5 pointsABA — Lifelong LearningUp to 1.5 pointsABTS — Accredited CMEUp to 1.5 pointsABIM — Medical KnowledgeUp to 1.5 pointsABS — Self-AssessmentUp to 1.5 pointsABP — Lifelong Learning and Self-AssessmentUp to 1.5 pointsABTS — Self-AssessmentUp to 1.5 points

FDA REMS

No

Qualifies for MIPS

No

Target Specialties

Cross-Specialty

Relevant across 9 specialties.

Pricing

Fee varies

This provider typically $49–98

See fees on statpearls.com

Listed by the provider

  • Article / monograph / reference
  • Credit · Up to 1.5 credits
  • MOC · Up to 1.5 points
  • Fee varies · this provider typically $49–98
  • Released
    Sep 1, 2026
  • Last day to claim credit
    Sep 1, 2029 3 years left

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